You can use the Comments section of file Info to describe a file and then help find it later on.
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This was very helpful. Two things. It seems this works in Finder searches but not in Spotlight. Second, can you expound a bit about how permanent these comments are? If they are not part of the file itself then when are they lost?
John: I have comments that have been around for 10+ years. They are stored as part of your Finder's data, which should then follow the file around as long as you are moving it only on macOS-formatted drives. I think if you were to move the file to a Windows drive for some reason, it may lose it, as well as tags and other things. But I have no way to easily test it right now.